The Most Favorable Impact Distance is an essential ballistic parameter for rifle ammunition. Shooters can use it to judge how fast their ammunition is.
It is expressed in meters and is the distance at which the trajectory of the projectile and the line of sight intersect for the second time, provided that they do not deviate from each other by more than 4 cm at any point beforehand.
The fact that the line of sight and the trajectory intersect twice results from the following relationship:
The line of sight is an imaginary extension of the scope. It intersects the trajectory twice, as the trajectory is curved, because the bullet loses both height and velocity over time due to gravity and air resistance. To compensate for this, the scope is adjusted so that it is tilted slightly downward - causing the trajectory of the projectile and the line of sight to intersect for the first time a few meters before the muzzle.
The projectile thus initially flies over the line of sight (and thus intersects it for the first time just before the muzzle), but then loses altitude and intersects the line of sight a second time.
For the most favorable firing distance, it is specified that the bullet trajectory must lie at a distance of 100 m above the line of sight. For firing, this means that the ammunition must hit the target 4 cm above the stopping point.
The faster the ammunition, the further the second intersection of the trajectory and the sighting line is from the muzzle. Thus, the higher the GEE, the more rapid the ammunition.
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