Reloading describes the process when, after a shot, an empty cartridge case is fitted with a new primer, powder, and a bullet for a firearm. While economic reasons were previously the main focus, reloading is now seen as a way to produce a cartridge that is optimally tailored to the purpose and weapon.
All tools and components for reloading cartridge cases are freely available; however, in Germany, the acquisition of propellant is subject to the Explosives Act and its strict control. A permit is required to acquire propellant powder (usually nitrocellulose or black powder), and for non-commercial purposes, a permit according to § 27 of the Explosives Act is needed, which is limited to 5 years and must then be renewed. Expertise and general reliability are not sufficient for this.
To obtain this, attendance at an accredited course (minimum prescribed duration of two days) with subsequent competency examination must be proven. Only those who have a clearance certificate according to the Explosives Act may participate in such a course.
This certificate is issued when the responsible authority has verified the reliability of the applicant. Typically, the Federal Central Register and the trade register are reviewed, and inquiries are made with the police and public prosecutor's office. Ongoing investigations or criminal proceedings, as well as corresponding entries in the certificate of good conduct, are considered reasons to question the clearance and deny the certificate.
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