The .40 S & W caliber is a relatively strong pistol caliber with metric dimensions of 10 x 22 mm. Other designations include .40,.40 Auto, .40 Liberty, and 10 mm short.
The cartridge was not developed until 1990 by Smith & Wesson because the previously popular authority caliber 10 mm Auto had a relatively strong recoil. The cartridge, while delivering less energy to the target than the 10 mm Auto, is nevertheless up to 40% more powerful than the 9 x 19 caliber, which is now preferred by most authorities because its shooting characteristics are even more pleasant.
The .30 S & W caliber is also available as subsonic ammunition.
The muzzle velocity V0 is about 310 - 490 m/S, the bullet energy E0 about 500-1000 joules.
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